A cikin Tennessee da galibin sauran jihohin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya a cikin ƙasar, sabbin dokoki game da ka'idar kabilanci suna shafar ƙanana amma mahimman shawarwarin da malamai ke yankewa kowace rana.
Yi rajista don wasiƙar kyauta na yau da kullun na Chalkbeat Tennessee don ci gaba da sabuntawa akan makarantun Memphis-Shelby County da manufofin ilimi na jiha.
Babbar kungiyar malamai ta Tennessee ta bi sahun malaman makarantun gwamnati guda biyar a wata kara da suka yi kan dokar jihar ta shekaru biyu da ta takaita abin da za su iya koyarwa game da kabilanci, jinsi da kuma son zuciya.
karar tasu, wacce aka shigar a daren Talata a kotun tarayya ta Nashville ta lauyoyin kungiyar Ilimi ta Tennessee, ta yi zargin cewa maganar dokar 2021 ba ta da tushe kuma ba ta bin ka'ida ba kuma shirin aiwatar da jihar na kan sa ne.
Har ila yau, korafin ya yi zargin cewa dokokin Tennessee da ake kira "haramtattun ra'ayoyi" dokokin suna tsoma baki tare da koyar da abubuwa masu wahala amma muhimman batutuwan da ke kunshe cikin matakan ilimi na jihar.Waɗannan ƙa'idodin sun tsara manufofin ilmantarwa da jihar ta amince da su waɗanda ke jagorantar sauran tsarin karatu da yanke shawara.
Shari'ar dai ita ce mataki na farko na shari'a a kan wata dokar jihar mai cike da cece-kuce, irinta na farko a fadin kasar.An zartar da dokar ne a daidai lokacin da masu ra'ayin mazan jiya suka nuna adawa da matakin Amurka na murkushe wariyar launin fata biyo bayan kisan da wani dan sanda farar fata ya yi wa George Floyd a shekarar 2020 a Minneapolis da kuma zanga-zangar nuna kyamar baki da ta biyo baya.
Dan majalisar Oak Ridge John Ragan, daya daga cikin masu daukar nauyin kudirin na Republican, ya bayar da hujjar cewa ana bukatar dokar don kare daliban K-12 daga abin da shi da sauran 'yan majalisa ke gani a matsayin yaudara da rarraba ra'ayi na jima'i, kamar ka'idar launin fata..Binciken malamai ya nuna cewa ba a koyar da wannan tushe na ilimi a makarantun K-12, amma an fi amfani da shi a manyan makarantu don gano yadda siyasa da doka ke ci gaba da wariyar launin fata.
Majalisar dokokin Tennessee da ke karkashin jam'iyyar Republican ta zartar da kudirin a cikin kwanaki na karshe na zaman 2021, kwanaki bayan gabatar da shi.Gwamna Bill Lee ya sa hannu cikin sauri ya zama doka, kuma daga baya a wannan shekarar ma'aikatar ilimi ta jihar ta tsara dokoki don aiwatar da shi.Idan aka sami cin zarafi, malamai na iya rasa lasisinsu kuma gundumomin makaranta na iya rasa kuɗin jama'a.
A cikin shekaru biyun farko, dokar ta fara aiki, ba tare da korafe-korafe ba kawai ba tare da biyan tara ba.Amma Ragan ya bullo da sabuwar dokar da ta fadada da'irar mutanen da za su iya shigar da kararraki.
Koken ya yi zargin cewa doka ba ta baiwa malaman Tennessee dama mai ma'ana don sanin abin da hali da koyarwa aka haramta.
"Malamai suna cikin wannan yanki mai launin toka inda ba mu san abin da za mu iya ba ko ba za mu iya ba ko faɗi a cikin aji ba," in ji Katherine Vaughn, wata tsohuwar malami daga Tipton County kusa da Memphis kuma ɗaya daga cikin malamai biyar masu kara.” A wannan yanayin.
Vaughn ya kara da cewa "aiwatar da doka - daga jagoranci zuwa horo - kusan babu shi.""Wannan ya sanya masu ilimi a cikin matsala."
Har ila yau, karar ta yi zargin cewa dokar tana karfafa aiwatar da sabani da nuna wariya, sannan ta karya gyare-gyare na goma sha hudu ga kundin tsarin mulkin Amurka, wanda ya haramta kowace jiha daga "hana wa kowane mutum rai, 'yanci, ko dukiya ba tare da bin ka'ida ba."
Tanya Coates, shugabar kungiyar ta TEA, kungiyar malaman da ke jagorantar shari'ar ta ce "Dokar tana bukatar a bayyana.
Ta ce malamai suna ciyar da "sa'o'i marasa iyaka" suna ƙoƙarin fahimtar ra'ayoyin 14 da ba bisa ka'ida ba kuma a cikin aji, ciki har da cewa Amurka "mahimmanci ne ko rashin fata na wariyar launin fata ko jima'i";“daukar alhakin” ayyukan da wasu ‘yan kabilar ko jinsi daya suka aikata a baya saboda kabila ko jinsi.
Shaharar waɗannan sharuɗɗan ya yi tasiri a makarantu, tun daga yadda malamai ke amsa tambayoyin ɗalibai zuwa abubuwan da suke karantawa a cikin aji, in ji rahoton TEA.Don kaucewa korafe-korafe masu cin lokaci da kuma hadarin yiwuwar cin tara daga jihar, shugabannin makarantu sun yi canje-canje ga ayyukan koyarwa da makarantu.Amma a karshe Coats ya ce daliban ne ke shan wahala.
"Wannan doka ta hana aikin malaman Tennessee don ba wa dalibai cikakken ilimi, ilimi na tushen shaida," in ji Coates a cikin sanarwar manema labarai.
Shari'ar mai shafi 52 ta ba da takamaiman misalai na yadda haramcin ke tasiri abin da ɗaliban makarantun jama'a na Tennessee kusan miliyan ɗaya ke karatu kuma ba sa yin karatu kowace rana.
"A cikin gundumar Tipton, alal misali, makaranta ta sauya balaguron filin ta na shekara-shekara zuwa gidan tarihin 'yancin ɗan adam na ƙasa a Memphis don kallon wasan ƙwallon baseball.A Shelby County, wani malamin mawaƙa da ya koya wa ɗalibai shekaru da yawa don rera waƙa da fahimtar labarin waƙoƙin da suke rera za a ɗauke shi a matsayin bayi.”raba” ko karya dokar, ”in ji karar. Wasu gundumomin makarantu sun cire littattafai daga tsarin karatunsu saboda doka.
Ofishin Gwamna ba ya saba yin magana kan kararrakin da ake jira, amma mai magana da yawun Lee Jed Byers ya fitar da wata sanarwa yau Laraba game da karar: “Gwamnan ya rattaba hannu kan wannan kudiri domin kowane iyaye ya kamata ya dauki nauyin karatun ’ya’yansu.Ku kasance masu gaskiya, ɗaliban Tennessee.ya kamata a koyar da tarihi da al’amuran al’umma bisa ga gaskiya ba wai ta hanyar sharhin siyasa mai raba kan jama’a ba.”
Tennessee na ɗaya daga cikin jihohi na farko da suka ƙaddamar da dokoki don iyakance zurfin tattaunawa a cikin aji na irin waɗannan ra'ayoyi kamar rashin daidaito da farar gata.
A cikin Maris, Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Tennessee ta ba da rahoton cewa an shigar da ƙararraki kaɗan tare da gundumomin makarantun gida kamar yadda doka ta buƙata.Hukumar ta samu 'yan kararraki ne kawai a kan hukuncin gida.
Ɗaya daga cikin iyayen wani ɗalibin makaranta mai zaman kansa ne a gundumar Davidson.Domin dokar ba ta shafi makarantu masu zaman kansu, sashen ya tabbatar da cewa iyaye ba su da ikon daukaka kara a karkashin dokar.
Wani koke ya fito ne daga iyayen gundumar Blount dangane da Wings of the Dragon, wani labari da aka fada daga mahangar wani yaro dan gudun hijira na kasar Sin a farkon karni na 20.Jihar ta yi watsi da karar ne bisa sakamakon binciken da ta yi.
Koyaya, makarantun Blount County har yanzu sun cire littafin daga tsarin karatun aji na shida.Shari’ar ta bayyana irin barnar da shari’ar ta yi wa wani ƙwararren malami ɗan shekara 45 wanda “ya ji kunyar watannin da aka shafe ana shari’ar gudanarwa kan korafin da iyaye ɗaya suka yi game da littafin matasa da ya lashe kyautar.”Ayyukanta "A cikin Haɗari" Ma'aikatar Tennessee ta amince da ita.ilimi kuma hukumar makarantar ta karbe shi a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin karatun gundumar."
Ma'aikatar ta kuma ki binciki korafin da gundumar Williamson da ke kudancin Nashville ta shigar, jim kadan bayan zartar da dokar.Robin Steenman, shugaban karamar hukumar Freedom Moms, ya ce shirin ilimin Wit da Hikima da makarantun Williamson County ke amfani da shi a cikin 2020-21 yana da "ajandar son zuciya" da ke sa yara su "ƙi ƙasarsu da juna" .da sauransu.”/ ko kansu."
Wani mai magana da yawun ya ce sashen yana da izini ne kawai don bincika da'awar da aka fara a cikin shekarar makaranta ta 2021-22 kuma ta ƙarfafa Stillman ta yi aiki tare da makarantun Williamson County don magance damuwarta.
Jami’an ma’aikatar ba su mayar da martani ba a yau Laraba lokacin da aka tambaye su ko jihar ta samu karin kararraki a ‘yan watannin nan.
A ƙarƙashin manufofin jihar na yanzu, ɗalibai, iyaye, ko ma'aikatan gundumar makaranta ko makarantar shata ne kawai za su iya shigar da ƙara game da makarantarsu.Kudirin dokar Ragan, wanda Sanata Joey Hensley, Hornwald ya dauki nauyinsa, zai baiwa duk wani mazaunin gundumar makaranta damar shigar da kara.
Amma masu sukar suna jayayya cewa irin wannan sauyin zai buɗe kofa ga ƙungiyoyi masu ra'ayin mazan jiya kamar 'yan mata masu sassaucin ra'ayi don kokawa ga hukumomin makarantu na gida game da koyarwa, littattafai ko kayan da suka yi imani da cewa sun saba wa doka, koda kuwa ba su da alaka da makarantu kai tsaye.Malami mai matsala ko makaranta.
Dokar Hana ta bambanta da Dokar Tennessee ta 2022, wanda, bisa la'akari da roko daga hukunce-hukuncen hukumar makaranta na gida, yana ba wa hukumar jiha ikon hana littattafai daga dakunan karatu na makaranta a duk faɗin jihar idan sun ga ba su dace da shekarun ɗalibi ko balagagge ba.
Bayanin Edita: An sabunta wannan labarin don haɗawa da sharhi daga ofishin Gwamna da ɗaya daga cikin masu ƙara.
Martha W. Aldrich is a senior reporter covering events at the Tennessee State Capitol. Please contact her at maldrich@chalkbeat.org.
Ta yin rijista, kun yarda da Bayanin Sirri namu, kuma masu amfani da Turai sun yarda da Manufar Canja wurin Bayanai.Hakanan kuna iya karɓar sadarwa daga masu tallafawa lokaci zuwa lokaci.
Ta yin rijista, kun yarda da Bayanin Sirri namu, kuma masu amfani da Turai sun yarda da Manufar Canja wurin Bayanai.Hakanan kuna iya karɓar sadarwa daga masu tallafawa lokaci zuwa lokaci.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-28-2023