Duniya wata halitta ce mai rikitarwa, kuma matsayinmu a cikinta ya dogara da abubuwa daban-daban.Daga lafiyar ƙasa zuwa ingancin iska zuwa halayen shuke-shuke da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, fahimtar duniyarmu ta halitta da sauran mazaunanta yana da mahimmanci ga rayuwarmu.Yayin da yanayin ke ci gaba da canzawa, nazarin muhalli da nau'ikan rayuwa daban-daban zai zama mafi mahimmanci.
A cikin Oktoba 2023, Advanced Photon Source (APS), cibiyar mai amfani a cikin Ofishin Kimiyya a Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory, a hukumance za ta ƙaddamar da wani sabon shiri don faɗaɗa ƙwarewar bincike da muhalli da bincike a manyan dakunan gwaje-gwaje na duniya.filin X-ray.Wani kamfani da ake kira eBERlight kwanan nan ya sami izini daga shirin Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka ta Biological and Environmental Research (BER).Manufar ita ce haɗa masu binciken da ke gudanar da gwaje-gwaje akan manufa ta BER tare da albarkatun kimiyyar X-ray na jagorancin APS.Ta hanyar faɗaɗa damar yin amfani da iyakoki daban-daban na APS, masu tunanin eBERlight suna fatan gano sabbin hanyoyin kimiyya da jawo sabbin ƙungiyoyin masu bincike don bincika sabbin ra'ayoyi kan duniyar da muke rayuwa a cikinta.
"Wannan wata dama ce ta haifar da wani sabon abu wanda bai wanzu a APS ba," in ji Argonne National Laboratory protein crystallogist Caroline Michalska, wacce ke jagorantar aikin kan eBERlight. â�<“我们正在扩大准入范围，以适应更多的生物和环境研究，并且由大准入范围。用该设施的科学家正在帮助我们开发它。” â�<“我们正在扩大准入范围，以适应更多的生物和环境研究，并且由于该计划是且划是计划是"Muna fadada damar yin amfani da damar don ba da damar ƙarin bincike kan halittu da muhalli, kuma saboda shirin sabon abu ne, masana kimiyyar da za su yi amfani da wurin suna taimaka mana haɓaka shi."
Tun lokacin da aka kafa shi a cikin 1990s, APS ta kasance jagora a fagen "macromolecular crystallography" a cikin binciken nazarin halittu.Masana kimiyya suna amfani da wannan fasaha don ƙarin koyo game da cututtuka masu yaduwa da ƙwayoyin cuta don aza harsashin rigakafi da magani.APS yanzu yana da niyyar faɗaɗa nasararta zuwa sauran fannonin rayuwa da kimiyyar muhalli.
Matsala ɗaya tare da wannan faɗaɗa ita ce yawancin masana kimiyyar halittu da muhalli ba su san iyawar APS don taimaka musu ci gaba da bincikensu ba kuma ba su da masaniya kan tsarin samar da hasken X-ray na abu.Hakazalika, masana kimiyya da yawa ba su san wanne daga cikin tashoshi na gwaji na APS da yawa, da ake kira beamlines, shine mafi kyawun zaɓi don gwaje-gwajen su, tunda kowane tasha an inganta shi don takamaiman kimiyya da fasaha.
Michalska ya ce wannan shine inda eBERlight ke shiga cikin wasa.Ta bayyana shi a matsayin wani tsari mai kama da yanayi wanda aka tsara don haɗa masana kimiyya tare da ingantattun fasahohin kan madaidaicin hanyar APS.Masu bincike za su gabatar da shawarwari ga ma'aikatan eBERlight waɗanda za su taimaka wajen daidaita ƙirar gwaji tare da madaidaicin tashar don gudanar da binciken da aka tsara.Ta ce bambancin iyawar APS na nufin eBERlight na iya yin tasiri a fagage da yawa na ilmin halitta da kimiyyar muhalli.
"Muna duban abin da masu binciken BER suke nazari da kuma yadda za mu iya inganta wannan binciken," in ji ta. â�<“其中一些研究人员从未使用过APS 等同步加速器。 â�<“其中一些研究人员从未使用过APS 等同步加速器。“Wasu daga cikin waɗannan masu binciken ba su taɓa yin amfani da synchrotron kamar APS ba.Suna koyon irin kayan aikin da ake da su da kuma tambayoyin kimiyya za a iya magance su a APS waɗanda ba za a iya yin su a wani wuri ba.”
“Wannan wata dama ce ta gina wani sabon abu da ba a taɓa samun sa ba a APS a da.Muna fadada iyakokin binciken halittu da muhalli, kuma saboda wannan sabon bincike ne, masana kimiyya da za su yi amfani da wurin suna taimaka mana haɓaka aikin.- Caroline Michalska, Argonne National Laboratory
Dangane da takamaiman kimiyyar da eBERlight zai haɓaka, Michalska ya ce zai haɗa da komai tun daga binciken ƙasa zuwa tsire-tsire masu girma, samuwar gajimare da biofuels.Stefan Vogt, mataimakin darektan Sashen Kimiyya na X-ray na APS, ya kara da cewa zagayowar ruwa a cikin jerin, yana mai cewa wannan bayanin yana da matukar muhimmanci ga fahimtar yanayin canjin yanayi.
"Muna nazarin tambayoyin da suka shafi kimiyyar yanayi, kuma muna bukatar mu ci gaba da nazarin su," in ji Vogt. â�<“我们需要了解如何应对气候变化对环境的深远影响。 â�<“我们需要了解如何应对气候变化对环境的深远影响。"Muna buƙatar fahimtar yadda za mu magance babban sakamakon muhalli na canjin yanayi."
Yayin da aka ƙaddamar da eBERlight a hukumance a watan Oktoba, APS za ta ci gaba da kasancewa a kan tsawon shekara guda a matsayin wani ɓangare na ingantaccen kayan aiki.A wannan lokacin, ƙungiyar za ta yi aiki don yin bincike da haɓaka tsarin samfurin halittu da muhalli, haɓaka bayanan bayanai, da gudanar da isar da sako ga shirin.
Lokacin da APS ya sake zuwa kan layi a cikin 2024, za a faɗaɗa ƙarfin sa sosai.Ƙungiyar eBERlight za ta shiga cikin yarjejeniyoyin dogon lokaci tare da tashoshi na 13 APS da ke wakiltar fasaha mai yawa.Masana kimiyya da ke aiki ta hanyar eBERlight kuma za su sami damar yin amfani da albarkatu na Argonne, kamar Argonne Computing Facility, inda Ofishin DOE na Ofishin Kimiyya na manyan kwamfutoci na Kimiyya da manyan kwamfutoci na dakin gwaje-gwaje suke, da Cibiyar Inganta Halayen Protein, inda sunadaran suna yin crystallized da shirya don bincike.
Yayin da shirin ke tasowa, zai ba da damar haɗin gwiwa tare da sauran wuraren masu amfani da Kimiyya na DOE na Kimiyya, kamar dakin gwaje-gwajen Kimiyyar Muhalli na Yankin Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory da Joint Genome Institute a Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
"Yana ɗaukar ƙauye don renon yaro, amma yana ɗaukar ƙauye mafi girma don magance matsalar kimiyya," in ji Argonne masanin kimiyya Zou Finfrock, memba na ƙungiyar eBERlight. â�<“我喜欢eBERlight 的多面性，因为它致力于建立一个综合平台，促进跨生物、地琬和生物、地琬地理生。探索. â�<“我喜欢eBERlight 的多面性，因为它致力于建立一个综合平台，促进跨生物、地琬和生物、地琬地理生。探索."Ina son nau'in eBERlight mai nau'i-nau'i da yawa yayin da yake ƙoƙari don ƙirƙirar dandali mai haɗaka wanda ke haɓaka binciken kimiyya zuwa tsarin halittu, ƙasa da kuma muhalli.Yana sauti mai sauƙi, amma ma'auni da tasirin tasiri yana da yawa.”
Tunanin eBERlight ya kasance shekaru da yawa a cikin samarwa, a cewar Ken Kemner, babban masanin kimiyyar lissafi kuma jagoran rukuni a Laboratory National Argonne.Kemner ya yi aiki a APS na tsawon shekaru 27 na dakin gwaje-gwaje, yawancin abin da ya kashe yana haɗa masu binciken muhalli zuwa albarkatun cibiyar.Yanzu eBERlight zai ci gaba da wannan aikin a kan mafi girman sikelin, in ji shi.Ya sa ido ya ga irin sabbin nasarorin da za a samu ta hanyar bincike kan iskar gas, da muhallin dausayi, da mu’amalar shuke-shuke da kananan halittu da kasa da laka.
Makullin nasarar eBERlight, a cewar Kemner, shine horar da masana kimiyyar synchrotron, da kuma masana kimiyyar halittu da muhalli.
"Dole ne ku horar da masu aikin rediyo don fahimtar matsalolin kimiyyar muhalli da kuma daidaita fasahar don magance matsalolin binciken muhalli," in ji shi. â�<“您还必须教育环境科学家了解光源设施对于解决这些问题有多么出。 â�<“您还必须教育环境科学家了解光源设施对于解决这些问题有多么出。“Haka kuma kuna buƙatar ilmantar da masana kimiyyar muhalli game da yadda kyawawan hanyoyin haske ke magance waɗannan matsalolin.Ana yin hakan ne domin a rage shingen jan hankalinsu.”
Laurent Chapon, mataimakin darektan dakin gwaje-gwajen kimiyya na Photon kuma darektan APS, ya ce sabon shirin na nufin samar da dimokaradiyya samun damar shiga APS da karfinsa.
"Wannan shirin yana aike da sako mai mahimmanci cewa APS wata hanya ce mai mahimmanci ga al'umma, mai iya samar da shirye-shiryen da ke taimakawa wajen magance matsalolin matsalolin, a cikin wannan yanayin matsalolin muhalli da halittu," in ji Chapon. â�<“eBERlight â�<“eBERlight"eBERlight zai samar da cikakkiyar mafita ga masana kimiyya masu neman warware matsalolin kimiyyar rayuwa masu dacewa."
"Ina fatan cewa, ko da wane irin kalubalen da masana kimiyya ke fuskanta, APS za ta iya taimaka musu," in ji ta. â�<“这些挑战影响着我们每个人。 â�<“这些挑战影响着我们每个人。"Waɗannan batutuwan sun shafe mu duka."
Cibiyar Ƙididdigar Jagorancin Argonne tana ba wa al'ummar kimiyya da injiniyanci damar yin ƙima don haɓaka ainihin ganowa da fahimta a cikin fannoni daban-daban.Taimakawa shirin Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka (DOE) Advanced Computing Research (ASCR), ALCF ɗaya ce daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin lissafin DOE guda biyu waɗanda aka keɓe don buɗe kimiyya.
Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka ta Advanced Photon Source (APS) a dakin gwaje-gwaje na Argonne na kasa yana daya daga cikin hanyoyin X-ray mafi inganci a duniya.APS tana ba da haskoki na X-ray ga gungun masu bincike daban-daban a kimiyyar kayan aiki, sinadarai, kimiyar kwayoyin halitta, kimiyyar rayuwa da muhalli, da bincike mai amfani.Wadannan radiyon X sun dace don nazarin kayan aiki da tsarin ilimin halitta;rarraba abubuwa;sinadaran, Magnetic da lantarki jihohin;da kuma nau'ikan tsarin injiniya masu mahimmanci na fasaha, tun daga batura zuwa bututun allura, wadanda suke da mahimmanci ga ci gaban tattalin arzikin kasarmu, fasaha da tattalin arzikin kasarmu.da Tushen jin daɗin abin duniya.Kowace shekara, fiye da masu bincike 5,000 suna amfani da APS don samar da fiye da 2,000 wallafe-wallafe, suna ba da cikakkun bayanai masu mahimmanci da kuma magance mafi mahimmancin tsarin gina jiki na halitta fiye da kowane mai amfani da wuraren bincike na X-ray.Sabbin fasahohin masana kimiya na APS da injiniyoyi sun haifar da ci gaban masu kara kuzari da hanyoyin haske.Waɗannan na'urori sun haɗa da na'urorin shigarwa waɗanda ke samar da hasken X-hasken da masu bincike suka samu daraja, da ruwan tabarau waɗanda ke mayar da hankali kan haskoki na X-ray zuwa nanometer kaɗan, na'urorin da ke haɓaka hulɗar hasken X-ray tare da samfurin da ake nazari, da na'urori masu tattarawa da haɗa X. - ray software.Sarrafa manyan kundin bayanai daga nazarin APS.
Wannan binciken ya yi amfani da albarkatu daga Advanced Photon Source, ofishin DOE na Kimiyyar mai amfani da kayan aikin da Ofishin DOE na Kimiyya na Argonne National Laboratory ke gudanarwa a ƙarƙashin Kwangilar Lamba DE-AC02-06CH11357.
Argonne National Laboratory ya himmatu don magance matsalolin kimiyya da fasaha na ƙasa.Argonne National Laboratory, dakin gwaje-gwaje na farko na kasa a Amurka, yana gudanar da bincike na asali da kuma aiwatar da binciken kimiyya a kusan kowane fannin kimiyya.Masu binciken Laboratory National Argonne suna aiki kafada da kafada da masu bincike daga ɗaruruwan kamfanoni, jami'o'i, da hukumomin tarayya, jihohi da na gundumomi don taimaka musu warware takamaiman matsaloli, ciyar da jagorancin kimiyyar Amurka gaba, da gina kyakkyawar makoma ga al'umma.Argonne yana da ma'aikata na ƙasashe sama da 60 kuma Argonne LLC ne ke kula da shi a Chicago, wani ɓangare na Ofishin Kimiyya na Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka.
Ofishin Kimiyya na Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka ita ce mafi girma da ke ba da gudummawar binciken kimiyyar jiki a Amurka kuma tana aiki don magance wasu manyan ƙalubale na zamaninmu.Don ƙarin bayani, ziyarci https://energygy.gov/science.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-06-2023