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Ci gaban ƙwayar cuta a cikin raunuka sau da yawa yana bayyana kansa a matsayin biofilms, wanda ke tsangar waraka kuma yana da wuya a kauda kai. Sabbin suturar azurfa na da'awar don magance cututtukan jini, amma ingancin maganin maganin ƙwayar cuta da tasirin warkarwa na kamuwa da cuta gaba ɗaya ba a sani ba. Yin amfani da in vitro kuma a cikin Vivo Bihoil Model na Stapylocccus Aureus da kuma Pseudomonas Aerugono, muna ba da rahoton tasirin gratings na Ag1 erugino; Ag1 + sutura dauke da ethyleenedttulaceticAtic acid da benzthonium chloride (Ag1 + / Edta / BC), da kuma sutura da ke dauke da nitrate nitrate (ag -y mylalts). , Wanne ya samar da ag1 +, Ag2 + da Ag3 + ions don magance rauni biofilm da tasirin sa a kan warkarwa. AG1 + sutura suna da ƙananan tasirin akan rauni biofeil a cikin vitro da kuma mice (C57bl / 6J). Sabanin haka, oxygenated da ag1 + / Edta / BC Dress ya rage yawan ƙwayoyin cuta da na EPS a cikin linzamin kwamfuta rauni biofilms. Wadannan riguna suna da tasiri daban-daban akan warkar da raunin bioflm-kamuwa da cutar sankara a kan reforlivation, girman rauni, tare da kumburi mai gishiri idan aka kwatanta shi da siyarwar sa da sauran suturar azurfa. Abubuwan da aka daban na phyicochemical na sutura na iya samun sakamako daban-daban akan rauni biofeil da warkarwa, kuma wannan ya kamata a yi la'akari lokacin zaɓi miya don lura da raunin bioflm-kamuwa da cuta.
An bayyana raunuka na yau da kullun a matsayin "raunuka waɗanda suka kasa ci gaba ta hanyar matakai na warkarwa a cikin tsari da kuma dacewa" 1. Raunin raunin na haifar da tunani, zamantakewar tattalin arziki da tattalin arziƙi ga marasa lafiya da tsarin kiwon lafiya. Shekarar NHS na shekara-shekara kan kula da raunuka da kuma hade hade da hade a kan £ 8.3 biliyan a shekara ta 2017-182. Har ila yau, raunin da raunuka a yanzu haka ne matsalar matsi a Amurka, tare da kimanta kudin shekara-shekara na kula da marasa lafiya da raunuka a $ 28.1- $ 96.8 na biliyan 96.8.
Kamuwa da cuta shine babban abin da ya haifar da waraka waraka. Abubuwan cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka suna bayyana kamar yadda biofilms, waɗanda suke cikin 78% na raunukan raunuka na yau da kullun. Tsarin biofilms lokacin da microorganisms zama wanda ba a iya haɗawa da saman, kamar su rauni ba, kuma na iya tara don samar da ingantaccen kayan polymer (EPS) -Popingingungiyoyin. Raunin biofilm yana da alaƙa da karuwar amsa mai kumburi wanda yake haifar da lalacewar nama, wanda zai iya jinkirta ko hana warkarwa. Theara yawan lalacewar nama na iya zama a cikin wani ɓangare don ƙara yawan ayyukan matrix metalloprototeines, cransase, ulasastase da nau'in oxygen. Haka kuma, sel mai kumburi da biofilms ne sunada amfani da masu amfani da iskar oxygen kuma na iya haifar da sel na gari na gari, da ke haifar da abu mai mahimmanci da ake buƙata don haɓakar nama na gida.
Bala'i Biofilms suna da matuƙar tsayayya da maganin antimicrobial, buƙatar dabarun tashin hankali don sarrafa cututtukan biofilm, kamar magani na inji ya biyo da ingantaccen magani na rigakafi. Saboda tsarin bioflms na iya saurin sakewa, ingantacciyar maganin rigakafi na iya rage haɗarin sake haɗawa bayan ta lalata debrideent7.
An yi amfani da azurfa a cikin riguna na rigakafi kuma ana amfani dashi azaman layin farko na raunin da ya kamu da cutar. Akwai wasu kayan kasuwanci masu yawa, kowannensu yana ɗauke da tsarin azurfa daban-daban, gyare-gyare, da kuma matrix tushe. Abubuwan da ke cikin hebbands na azurfa sun kai ga ci gaban sababbin kayan kwalliya na azurfa. Tsarin ƙarfe na azurfa (Ag0) shine Inert; Don aiwatar da ingantaccen tasiri, dole ne ya rasa lantarki don samar da azurfa na ionic (Ag1 +). Dokokin na yau da kullun na al'adun gargajiya suna da ƙwayoyin azurfa ko ƙarfe na ƙarfe waɗanda, lokacin da aka fallasa ruwa, bazuwar don samar da ruwa Ag1 + ions. Wadannan AG1 acikin amsawa tare da kwayar cuta ce, cire wayoyin daga kayan tsari ko mahimman matakan da suka zama dole don tsira. Fasahar lasawa ta haifar da ci gaban sabon fili na azurfa, agristatalts ag Oxystalts (nitrate nit7no11), wanda aka haɗa cikin sutturar rauni. Ba kamar azurfa ta gargajiya ba, da bazuwar salts da ke dauke da iskar oxygen ta samar da wasu azurfa tare da babban karfi tare da babbar dabara (AG1 +, Ag2 + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da Ag3 + + + da ag3 +). A cikin binciken Vitro ya nuna cewa ƙarancin taro na salts na oxygenas kamar ion na pseudomockis, stapylogoniccus Aureus da Essierichia Coli8,9. Wani sabon nau'in miya na azurfa ya haɗa da ƙarin kayan abinci, wato ethynedenediamacettacce acid kuma da hakan ana ruwaito zuwa maƙasudin Bihoilm EPS a cikin biofilm. Wadannan sabbin fasahar azurfa suna ba da sababbin hanyoyi don niyya rauni a cikin rauni. Koyaya, tasirin waɗannan maganin rigakafi akan mahallin rauni da kuma warkarwa na kamuwa da cuta mai mahimmanci yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da yanayin rauni ko rashin nasara. Damuwa game da a cikin cytotoviity na Vitro an ruwaito tare da suturar azurfa da dama10,11. Koyaya, a cikin vitro cytotoxiity ba tukuna fassara zuwa cikin guba mai guba, da kuma dunkules da yawa na ag1 sun nuna kyakkyawan tsarin tsaro12.
Here, we investigated the effectiveness of carboxymethylcellulose dressings containing novel silver formulations against wound biofilm in vitro and in vivo. Bugu da kari, sakamakon wadannan rigunan kan martani na rigakafi da waraka da kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta aka kimanta.
Dukkanin sutura sunyi amfani da duk sutura. 3m Kerrcel Gel Fiber Suttukan (3m, Knutsford, UK) shi ne etlogrobial 100% CarboxBosehyllulose (CMC) gel fiber fiber a matsayin suturar sarrafawa a cikin wannan binciken. An sanyuwa uku na rigakafi na CMCicGogicGrial ACFE-CRC na CMP, wato 3M Kerralcel Agkul (3m, Knutsford, UK), wanda ya ƙunshi 1.7 wt%. Sirnan oxygenated (Ag7no11) A mafi girman darajar yabo na azurfa (Ag1 +, Ag2 + da Ag3 +). A lokacin lalata na Ag7NO11, Ag1, Ag2, Ag2 + da Ag3 + an kafa AG3 + ions kafa a cikin wani rabo na 1: 2: 4. Aquacel ag karin miya dauke da 1.2% na azurfa (Ag1 +) (Ag1 +), Edta da Edzthonium chloride (Gudun, Deeside, UK) 14.
A cikin binciken da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin wannan binciken sune familima na fushinsa Aerugino NCTC 10781 (Lafiya ta Ingila, Salislocy) da kuma Salislocy) da kuma Stafylocy).
Kwayoyin cuta sun girma dare a cikin Muller-Hinton broth (oxoid, Altrincham, UK). Al'adar da dare na dare ya diluted 1: 100 a cikin mueller-hinton broth da 200 μm Marinto 0.2 FIK, Kent, Kent, Burtaniya ). ) Tsarin mulkin mallaka biofilm for 37 ° C na 24 hours. An gwada wadannan biofilms na mulkin mallaka don mrarithmic shrinkage.
Yanke miya a cikin guda 3 cm2 square guda da pre-moisten tare da bakararre na narke. Sanya bandeji akan biofilm na mallaka akan farantin agar. Kowane 24 ba na bin biofilm an cire, kuma mai iya zama ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin biofilm (CFU / ML) an ƙididdigyara ta hanyar tsinkaye mai narkewa (10-1 zuwa 10-7) a cikin matsanancin dumi mai narkewa. Bayan sa'o'i 24 na shiryawa a 37 ° C, an yi ƙididdige ma'auni a kan faranti na Munel-Hinton. Kowane magani da kuma aka yi a lokacin da aka yi ta a cikin lokaci, an maimaita ƙidaya na farantin don kowane dilution.
An samo naman alade daga manyan aladu na farin ciki a cikin mintuna 15 na yanka daidai da ƙa'idodin fitowar Turai. Fata ya aske da tsabtace da giya goge, sannan daskararre at -80 ° C na 24 hours don kula da fata. Bayan narkewa, 1 cm2 fata fata ana wanke sau uku tare da pBS, 0.6% sodium hypochlorite, da 70% ethanol na minti 20 kowane lokaci. Kafin cire epidermis, cire kowane ethanol ta wanke sau 3 a cikin bakararre. Fata ya zama da gaske a farantin 6-da kyau tare da 0.45-μm-lokacin farin ciki membrane (Merck-Millipore) a saman 3% na Milk Eagle. Matsakaici (DULRCCOCO na gyara gazarar Eagle - Aldrich Ltd.).
Biofilm ɗin mulkin mallaka na mulkin mallaka an girma kamar yadda aka bayyana don karatun Bihoilm. Bayan ya bazu da biofilar bioflm a kan membrane na 72 hours, an shafi bifiilm a farfajiyar fata ta amfani da madauki na inocile da membrane ya cire. Daga nan sai aka sanya biofir a kan dermis na alade don ƙarin awanni 24 da 37 ° C don ba da izinin biofilm don tsufa da kuma bin fatar alade. Bayan biofilm ya balaga kuma a haɗe, wani 1.5 cm2 cm2 cm2, pre-moistened tare da m distilled ruwa mai narkewa da incubated da 247 ° C na 24 hours. Ba za a iya ganin ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar m ta hanyar amfani da salon tantanin Prigruetelu ba mai karɓar kowane mai ba da labari kuma yana ba da minti 5. Yi amfani da kyamara ta leic425 zuwa hotunan kamawa a kan hotunan leicca na leic8. Yankunan da aka canza launin ruwan hoda sun ƙididdigar amfani da hoto na hoto Pro Software na 10 (Kafofin watsa labarai Cybernetics Inc, Rockville, MD Image-Pro (Mediacy.com)))). An yi masu binciken microscopy na lantarki kamar yadda aka bayyana a ƙasa.
Kwayoyin cuta sun girma da dare an diluted 1: 100 a cikin mueller-hinton broth. 200 μL na al'adu an ƙara zuwa bakararre 0.2 μm Whisman 0.2 μm Whisman Cyclopore membrane (Whyman, budfstone, UK) da kuma sanda akan Mueller-Hinton Agar. An sanya faranti biofil a cikin 37 ° C na awanni 72 don ba da damar girman samuwar biofilm.
Bayan kwanaki 3 na biofilm maturation, an sanya bandeji na cm2 na 3 cm2 kai tsaye akan biofilm kuma an saka shi a cikin 37 ° C na 24 hours. Bayan cire bandeji daga biofilm surface, 1 ml na Prinelmlueel Cell da kuma Ma) an ƙara a farfajiya na kowane biofil na 20 seconds. Abubuwan da aka bushe kafin an yi rikodin canje-canjen launi ta amfani da kyamara ta dijital (Nikon UK LTD., Kingston, UK).
Shirya al'adun dare a kan Mueller-Hinton Again, Canja wurin mazauna mutane zuwa 10 ml Mueller-Hinton Broth kuma infubate a kan shakal a 37 ° C (100 RPM). Bayan na dare Incubation, al'adar da aka diluted 1: 100 a cikin mueller-hinton broth da 300 μL madauwari Whatman Cycrope (Whatstone Internet AGar da Ingila a 37 ° C A cikin sa'o'i 72 . . An yi amfani da Bifim mai girma da aka yi wa rauni kamar yadda aka bayyana a ƙasa.
Dukkanin aiki tare da dabbobi da aka aiwatar a Jami'ar Manchester karkashin jagorancin aikin Walfare da ofishin dabi'a (P8722BD27) kuma daidai da jagororin gida da aka buga a karkashin ASPA na 2012. Duk marubutan sun yi biyayya ga jagororin zuwa. Takwas-mako-ɗan mako-da-6 / 6J mice (invivigo, an yi amfani da su, UK) don duka a cikin karatun VIVO. Mice sun kasance tare da isoflahrane (Piramal mai matukar muhimmanci Ltd, West Drayton, Burtaniya) da kuma saman saman su an tsabtace su. Kowane linzamin kwamfuta da aka bayar a 2 × 6 mm exchala rauni ta amfani da wani masanin biopsy Punch (Schuko International, HertfordShire, UK). Don raunin bioflm-kamuwa da mulkin mallaka, amfani da mulkin mallaka na 72-awa girma a kan membrane kamar yadda aka bayyana madauki ta amfani da madauki inoculation da sauri bayan rauni da kuma zubar da membrane. Aaya daga cikin santimita santimieter na miya shine pre-moistened tare da ruwa mai ruwa don kula da yanayin rauni rauni. An yi amfani da riguna kai tsaye ga kowane rauni da kuma 3m Tegaderm fim (3m, Belackellell, UK), Ferndale, Mi) ya shafi gefuna don samar da ƙarin m. Buckrenphine (dabbobi na, York, Burtaniya) an gudanar da shi a wani lokaci na 0.1 MG / kg a matsayin analgesic. Kwana Cullari kwana uku bayan rauni ta amfani da Jadawalin 1 Hanyar kuma Cire, Halve, kuma adana yankin rauni kamar yadda ake buƙata.
Hematoxylin (Thermfenxisher kimiyya) da Eosinofer (Thermfenader kimiyya) seconing an yi shi gwargwadon tsarin masana'antar. An ware yankin rauni da kuma repithelalization na amfani da hoto Pro Software Pro Software na 10 (Kafofin watsa labarai Cybernetics Inc, Rockville, MD).
Sassan nama an yi shi a cikin Xylene kimiyya, LIKHBANGIGH, YANZU ETHANEL, kuma a taƙaice nutsar da shi a cikin ruwa mai narkewa (Thermunity kimiyya). An yi Mask.fayi ta amfani da Vectassain Elite AB PK-6104 Kit (Vector Kit (CALCTORA, Kullingame, CA) bisa ga cocin masana'anta. Manyan abubuwan sha zuwa neutrophils nimp-r14 (Thermunhere kimiyyar Macrophages, wokingham, UK masu tsabta ABC da Vector Nova ja pereroidase (hrp) substase Kit (HRP Octoratoraties Offoratus, CA) da kuma Rematoxylin. An samo hotuna ta amfani da Olympus BX43 na miclympus da kuma Kamara na Digital DP73 (Olympus, kudu, kudu, kudu, kudu, UK).
An gyara samfurori na fata a cikin 2.5% na glutaralde da 4% a cikin 0.1 m hepes (pH 7.4) na tsawon awanni 24 a 4 ° C. Samfurori sun bushe ta amfani da graded ethanol da bushe a cikin CO2 ta amfani da na'urar bushewa da zinari na K850, UK) da kuma Sputter Mahimmanci Sc7620 Mini-Tricaster / Daraƙƙarfan karawa. An sanya samfurori ta amfani da samfuran microta 250 250 bincika kimiyya) don hango tsakiyar lokacin rauni.
An yi amfani da Iodide (2 μm) ga raunin linzamin kwamfuta na sama da kuma sanya kimanin kimiyyar kimiyyar kimiya) kuma a kula da Syto-60 (10 μm) a 37 ° C (Lims C (Mahimmin kimiyya). An ƙirƙira hotunan mintuna 15 na minti 15 ta amfani da leken ruwa SP8.
An tsara bayanan nazarin halittu da fasaha kuma an tsara shi ta amfani da software na V9 Software (Softwarewa Gratpad, La Jolla, CA). Binciken hanya daya na bambanci tare da kwatancen da yawa ta amfani da gwajin kayan aikin Dunnett ta amfani da bambance-bambance tsakanin kowane magani da kuma masarautar da ba ta dace ba. An dauki darajar p na <0.05 mai mahimmanci.
An fara samun ingancin gel na sutturar azurfa na ACSHILM na Staphyloccu Aureus da kuma Pseudomonas Aerugino a cikin vitro. Aurari na azurfa suna da nau'ikan nau'ikan azurfa na azurfa: suturar azurfar ta al'ada ta samar da ag1 + ions; Aurar Aztuna, wanda zai iya samar da ag1 + ions bayan ƙari na Edta / BC, na iya lalata biofrix na biofilm kuma zuwa ga azurfa a ƙarƙashin tattalin ƙwayoyin cuta na azurfa. Ions15 da sutura suna dauke da ankts ag1 +, Ag2 + da Ag3 + da Ag3 ons. Ingancinsa idan aka kwatanta shi da suturar sarrafawa mara amfani da aka yi daga zaruruwa. Sauran kwayoyin da za a iya tantance su a cikin biofilm a cikin kowane awa 24 don kwanaki 8 (Hoto 1). A ranar 5, an mai da biofiilm tare da 3.85 × 105s. Stafnlococcus Aureus ko 1.22 × 105p. Aerugino don tantance murmurewa mai zurfi. Idan aka kwatanta da suturar iko da ba a sani ba, sutura ta Ag1 + sutura suna da ƙarancin tasiri a cikin sausius da kuma pseudomonas Aerugino bioflms sama da kwanaki 5. Sabanin haka, sutura tana dauke da oxygenated AG da Ag1 + Edta / BC Salts suna da tasiri cikin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin kwanaki 5. Bayan maimaita inoculation tare da kwayoyin planktonic a ranar 5, babu maido da biofilm an lura (Fig. 1).
Kimura da kwayoyin cuta mai ba da izini a cikin Staphylococcus Aureus da kuma Pseudomonas Aerugono bioflms bayan jiyya tare da suturar azurfa. AROFILM Majalisar Staphylococcus Aureus da kuma Pseudomonas Aerugino aka kula da suturar azurfa ko kuma an soke ƙwayoyin karfin hannu, da adadin ƙwayoyin cuta mai yiwuwa an ƙaddara a cikin kowane sa'o'i 24. Bayan kwanaki 5, an mai da bioilm tare da 3.85 × 105s. Stafnlococcus Aureus ko 1.22 × 105p. Dukkanin mazauna na kwayoyin cuta na kwayoyin cuta an samar dasu daban-daban don tantance murmurewa biofilm. Zane-zane yana nuna ma'anar +/- misali kuskure.
Don hango tasirin rigunan azurfa akan bioflm mai tsayi, an yi amfani da sutura ga balaga Bifilms girma girma akan porcine fata Ex vivo Ex Vivo. Bayan sa'o'i 24, an cire miya kuma biofilm yana cike da launin shuɗi mai dore, wanda rayuwar ƙwayoyin cuta ke motsa su zuwa launi mai ruwan hoda. Biofilms bi da tare da sutturar sarrafawa da ruwan hoda ne mai ruwan hoda, wanda ke nuna kasancewar kasancewar kwayoyin halitta a cikin biofilm (Hoto na 2a). Sabanin haka, biofilm bi da miya tare da miya na ag oxsols, wanda ke nuna cewa sauran ƙwayoyin cuta a saman fata na alade (Hoto na 2b). Haɗa shuɗi da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda yana lura da kayan kwalliyar biofilms tare da agroilm (Hoto na 2C), yayin da Edta / BC ta biyu Edta / a cikin sutturar enta / da grating shudi tare da wasu ruwan hoda. nuna wuraren da aka shafa da suturar azurfa (Hoto na 2D). Yankin Pink na aiki (ruwan hoda) da rashin aiki (shuɗi) da aka nuna cewa facin sarrafawa ya kasance 75% aiki (Hoto na 2e). Ag1 + Edta / BC Druings yi Hakanan don oxygenated ag gishirin, tare da ragin ragi na 13% da 14%, bi da bi. A ag1 + miya kuma rage yawan ƙwayoyin cuta ta kashi 21%. An lura da waɗannan tsarin biofilms ta amfani da bincika micraning na lantarki (SEM). Bayan jiyya tare da suturar sarrafawa da ag1 + miya, an sami sel na ƙwayoyin cuta (adadi 2F 2f 2f, an sami ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a ƙasa. Za'a iya ɗaukar Fiber na Cologen a matsayin tsarin nama na fata na porcine (Hoto na 2G). Bayan jiyya tare da Ag1 + Edta / BC miya, ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, da kuma cututtukan fiber na fiber collagen ta gani (adadi 2i).
Abun gani na Pseudomonas Aerugomonas Aerugino biofilm bayan suturar miya. (A-D) kwayoyin cuta na kwayoyin cuta a cikin cruponas Aeruginossa biofilms girma a cikin porcine fata da aka gani ta amfani da suturar azurfa ko suturar iko na azurfa. Kwayoyin cuta masu ruwan hoda ne, ƙwayoyin cuta marasa ƙarfi da fata na alade suna shuɗi. (E) Qualification na Pseudomonas Aerugono biofilms girma (ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda) ta amfani da suturar azurfa ko kuma an haɗa shi da suturar suttura na 24. Sem sikalin Bar = 5 μm. (J-M) Biofilms na mulkin mallaka ya girma a kan matattarar kuma an yi ta da Presistrola mai dore dye bayan 24 h na shiryawa tare da suturar azurfa.
Don ƙayyade ko kusanci tsakanin miya da biofilms sun shafi tasirin miya, bifiilms ɗin mulkin mallaka da aka sanya a kan ɗakin kwana waɗanda aka sanya tare da sutura na tsawon awanni 24 sannan kuma suka yi ta ba da labari. Bioflm mara magani ya kasance ruwan hoda mai duhu a launi (Hoto na 2J). Ya bambanta da bioflms da aka bi da miya da ke ɗauke da oxygenated ag salts (Hoto na 2 + Edta / Bc Edta / Bc Edta / BC Nuna Bands na Pink Cikewa (Hoto na 2l, m). Wannan kayan haɗin ruwan hoda yana nuna kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta mai ma'ana kuma yana da alaƙa da yanki na hankula a cikin miya. Wadannan wuraren sewn-a cikin kirkirar sarari da ke ba da kwayoyin cuta a cikin biofilm don tsira.
Don kimanta tasirin riguna na azurfa a vivo, cikakken-farin ciki raunuka da mice da balagaggu onginis ko suturar azurfa. Bayan kwana 3 na magani, Macroscopic nazarin hoto ya nuna ƙananan rauni rauni lokacin da aka bi da suturar da ba antimogrobial da kuma sauran suturar azurfa (adadi 3a-h). Don tabbatar da waɗannan abubuwan lura, raunin da aka girbe da yanki mai rauni da kuma sinadarin ɓangaren ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta amfani da hoto na Software na 1 (Hoto na 3i-l).
Tasirin suturar azurfa a kan rauni a farfajiya da kuma sake farfadowa na raunuka kamu da bioflms. (A-h) kananan ƙwayoyin cuta da ke kamuwa da Pseudomonas Aerugino (A-D) da Staphylocccus ARUUS (e-h) miya. Wakilin Macroscopic. Raunin mice tare da ag1 + + Edta / BC miya. (Il) Wakilin Aerugino kamuwa da cuta, sassan da aka tayar da tarihi sun zama tare da hematoxylin da Eosin, sun kasance suna amfani da yankin rauni da kuma sake farfadowa. Adadin rauni na rauni (m, o) da kashi na rethelialization (n, n) na raunuka (m, n) da staustlococcu (a cikin jingina n = 12). Zane-zane yana nuna ma'anar +/- misali kuskure. * yana nufin p = <0.05 ** na nufin p = <0.01; Macroscopic sikel = 2.5 mm, tarihin tarihin = 500 μm.
Yankin rauni a cikin raunuka da ke kamuwa da cutar ta cimeudomonas biofilm (Hoto na 3m) ya nuna yawan girman rauni na 3.1 mm2, wanda ba shine ba Gaskiya ne. isa ƙididdigar ƙididdiga (Hoto na 3m). p = 0.423). Raunin da aka bi da AG1 + ko ag1 + Edta / BC ya nuna raguwa a cikin yankin rauni (3.1 mm2 da 3.6 mm2, bi da bi). Jiyya tare da oxygenated ag gishirin mayafin da aka inganta zuwa babban m koli fiye da na ag1 + edta / Bc (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) (10% da 11%) ( Hoto na 3). . , bi da bi).
An lura da irin wannan yanayin a cikin rauni a yankin ƙasa da kuma an lura da farfadowa a cikin raunuka da ke kamuwa da S. Auresus Bihoilms (Hoto 3o). Druesings da ke dauke da salts na oxygenated na rage rauni (2.0 mm2) da kashi 23 idan aka kwatanta da suturar da ba ta dace ba (p = 0.304). Bugu da kari, yankin rauni a cikin rukunin Ag1 + jiyya ya dan rage (2.4 mm2), yayin da aka yiwa rigar waka (2.9 mm2). Oxygen salts na Ag kuma ya inganta sake raunin raunuka da S. Aureus biofilm (31%, p = 0003) (Hoto 3.p). Ag1 + miya (16%, p = 0.903) da ag + 1 + edta / bc miya (14%, p = 0.965) ya nuna matakan sabon sabuntawa.
Don hango tasirin rigunan azurfa a kan biofeilm matrix, toto 1 da syto an yi syto 6 da syto 60 iodide syto aka yi (Fig. 4). Toto 1 Iodide ba za a iya amfani da shi ba wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don amfani da ingantaccen kayan aikin makaman nucleic acid, waɗanda suke da yawa a cikin eps na biofilms. Syto 60 kwayar halitta ce wacce aka yi amfani da ita a matsayin comptertain16. Abun lura da ITO 1 da sytode A cikin raunuka da aka samu tare da biofilms na Pseudomonas Aeruginocccus Aureus (Hoto na 4a-D) da staus a cikin kwanakin miya, EPS a cikin biofilm ya rage muhimmanci sosai. dauke da sints oxygenated da ag1 + Edta / BC. AG1 + miya ba tare da ƙarin abubuwan haɗin anthimiilm muhimmanci rage sel-Free a cikin raunuka ba tare da rauni a cikin Staudlococcus Aureus.
A vivo tunanin rauni biofilm bayan kwana 3 na magani tare da sarrafawa ko sutturar azurfa. Hotunan da aka ba da labari na Pseudomonas Aerugono (A-D) da Staphylococcus Aureus (I-L) don hango makkun makaman nucleic acid. Don tick introllular acid na ciki acid, amfani da syto 60 (ja). acid. P. bincika microscopy na raunin lantarki ya kamu da cutar ta Pseudomonas (E-H) da Staphylococcus Aureus (M-P) Biofilms Bayan Kwanaki 3 na lura da suturar azurfa. Sem sikalin Bar = 5 μm. Rike mai ɗaukar hoto sikelin mashaya = 50 μm.
Binciken microscopy na lantarki ya nuna cewa mice inoculated tare da biofilm mazaunan Pseudomonas Aerugginoccus a cikin kwanaki 3 na jiyya tare da suturar azurfa.
Don kimanta tasirin rigunan azurfa a kan kumburi mai kumburi a cikin bioflm-kamuwa da raunin da aka cutar da shi tare da ciyarwa guda 3 aka sanya kalmomin rigakafi musamman don halrophails da Macrophages. Kashi na neutrophils na neuthophils da Macrophage a cikin ƙasa. Grantulation nama. Hoto na 5). Dukkan miya na azurfa sun rage yawan halrophils da Macrophages a cikin raunuka da ke kamuwa da suturar iko da ba a iya tursasawa ba bayan kwanaki uku na magani. Koyaya, magani tare da riguna na girke-girke na azurfa na haifar da raguwa mafi girma a cikin neuthophils (p = <0.0001) da kuma Macrophage (Fign1) da kuma Macrophage (Hoto 5NA, J). Kodayake AG1 + Edta / BC tana da tasiri mafi girma a kan rauni biofilm, ya rage matakan neutrophage zuwa ga ƙarancin miya fiye da miya ag1 + miya. Hakanan an kula da raunin matsakaici tare da S. Aureus biovermm kuma an lura da su bayan sutura tare da Ag (p = <000), Ag1+ Edta / BC (P = 0.0043) Oxisols idan aka kwatanta su da iko. Ana lura da irin wannan yanayin don neutropenia. bandega (Fig. 5k). Koyaya, kawai abubuwan haushi na aghin gishiri wanda ya nuna wani gagarumin saukarwa a cikin adadin Macrophages a cikin Granular da ke cutar da S. P = 0.03399 (Hoto 5L).
An ware neutrophils da Macrophages da Macrophages cutar da Pseudomonas Aerugino da Stafylococcus Aureus Bihoilms bayan kwarara na 3 na jiyya ko suturar antsrobial ko sutturar rigakafi. Neutrophils neutrophils (AD) da Macrophages (EH) an ƙididdige sassan nama a cike da rigakafin musamman don halrophails ko Macrophage. Daidaici na neutrophils (i da k) da Macrophage (J da l) a cikin raunuka da ke kamuwa da cuta (I da J) da StausCococcu (I da J) da Staus (K & L) biofilms. N = 12 a kowace kungiya. Shawarwari yana nufin ma'ana +/- misali kuskure, mahimmancin mahimman kayan kwalliyar ƙwayar cuta, * na nufin p = <0.05, ** yana nufin p = <0.05; *** yana nufin p = <0.001; yana nuna p = <0.0001).
Daga nan muka kimanta tasirin suturar azurfa akan warkarwa na kamuwa da cuta. An cutar da raunuka masu rauni tare da suturar karfin da ba ta dace ba ko suturar azurfa na kwanaki 3 (Hoto na 6). Daga cikin suturar azurfa da aka gwada, kawai raunuka da bi da miya mai gishiri da ke bayyana karami a Macroscopic da aka bi da shi tare da sarrafawa (Hoto na 6a-d). Tsarin rauni na rauni ta amfani da nazarin tarihin tarihi ya nuna cewa matsakaicin rauni na ag veryols ya kasance 2.95 mm2 don raunin da aka sarrafa, P = 0.488) (Fig . 6i). Da bambanci, ba raguwa a yankin rauni a bayan magani da Ag1 + (3.38 mm2, p = 0.054) ko @ = 0.054) 2.78 mm2, p = 0.054) An lura da ingantaccen sabuntawa tare da riguna na sahun whyyol idan aka kwatanta da ƙungiyar sarrafawa (30% vs. 22%, bi da bi da shi, wannan ba shi da mahimmanci kuma yana tabbatar da sakamakon da ya gabata. A miya tare da oxyols na inganta sake-e-epithlialization. -Ibheization daga raunin da ba a hana shi ba. Da bambanci, jiyya tare da ag1 + ko ag1 + Edta / BC Edta / BC Edta ba ta da tasiri ko nuna raguwar sake gwada shi da iko.
Tasirin saurin miya na azurfa kan warkar da rauni a cikin boice mara kyau tare da cikakken tsari. (AD) Wakilin Macroscopic Wakilin Raunin Raunin Rikici Bayan Kwanaki uku na lura da suturar da ba ta dace da suturar azurfa ba. (EH) Sashe na Wakilin rauni a cike da Hematoxylin da Eosin. Adadin yanki na rauni (i) da kuma yawan haraji (j) an lasafta daga sassan tarihin a tsakiyar rauni ta amfani da Software na Bincike (n = 11-12 a kowace ƙungiyar magani). Zane-zane yana nuna ma'anar +/- misali kuskure. * yana nufin p = <0.05.
Azurfa tana da dogon tarihi game da maganin rigakafi a cikin warkarwa mai warkarwa, amma hanyoyin daban-daban na iya haifar da bambance-bambancen a cikin ingantaccen ingancin antimrobial 18. Haka kuma, an fahimci kaddarorin maganin rigakafi na takamaiman tsarin isar da azurfa na azurfa. Kodayake mai tsaron kariya na kariya yana da inganci a kan kwayoyin plankonic, gabaɗaya ba shi da tasiri kan bifiilms19. Polanktonic na kwayoyin cuta da Macrophage ne ta hanyar Macrophages, amma ƙwayoyin sel suna iya yin ƙarin dalilai ta hanyar haɓaka amsawar rigakafi don haɓaka amsar rigakafi20. An lura da cewa wasu leiyocytes na iya shiga biofilms21 amma sun kasa yin kwayoyin cuta sau ɗaya a wannan kariyar ta zama strromised22. Ya kamata a yi amfani da hanyar Hanci don tallafawa amsar rigakafi ta rauni na kamuwa da biofilm. Raunin Ruwa zai iya rushe biofilm kuma cire yawancin bibunden, amma mai watsa shiri na kariya na iya lalata amsar rigakafi. Saboda haka, maganin antimicrobial kamar su silins ɗin azurfa na iya tallafa wa mai ba da amsa na rigakafi da kawar da cututtukan biofilm. Abun ciki, maida hankali, ƙila, da kuma bayarwa subrate na iya tasiri maganin maganin rigakafi na azurfa. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ci gaba da fasaha sarrafa azurfa sun sanya waɗannan rigunan sun fi cancanta ,,23. Kamar yadda yake ci gaba da fasaha na azurfa, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci tasirin waɗannan sutura a cikin sarrafa kamuwa da cuta da kuma, warkar da waɗannan dabaru.
In this study, we compared the effectiveness of two advanced silver dressings with conventional silver dressings that produce Ag1+ ions against biofilms using different in vitro and in vivo models. Mun kuma tantance tasirin waɗannan sutura a kan mashin m da warkarwa na kamuwa da cuta. Don rage tasirin matrix, duk sutturar azurfa da aka gwada sun ƙunshi carboxymethylcelcelcelaccese.
Ka'idarmu ta farko ta waɗannan suturar jama'a ta hanyar mulkin mallaka na Pseudomonas Aeruggino da Stofylocy AG1 + + Edta / BC da oxygenated / Bc da oxygenated / bc da oxygenated ag salts 'yan kwanaki. Bugu da kari, wadannan sutura suna hana sake kirkirar biofilar biofi na biofilar bioft. A ag1 + miya dauke da chloride chloride, guda azurfa fili da matrix tushe kamar Ag1 + Edta / BC, kuma yana da iyakantaccen tasiri akan kwayoyin cuta a cikin wannan lokacin. Lura da cewa AG1 + EDTA / BC Softing ya fi tasiri a kan biofide da ag1x da aka yi amfani da ƙarin kayan aikin chloride da biofiver, kamar yadda aka ruwaito wani wuri15. Wadannan sakamakon suna goyon bayan ra'ayin cewa BC da Edta suna taka rawar da ke ba da gudummawa ta gaba daya da kuma rashin wannan bangaren AG1 + sutura na iya haifar da gazawar nuna ingancin ingancin vitro. Mun gano cewa riguna na oxygenated na Ag2 + da Ag3 + ions ya nuna karfi hana ƙwayoyin hana daukar guba fiye da AG1 + Edta / BC. Koyaya, saboda m Rorox m, ba a san yadda dogon ag3 ions ya kasance mai aiki da ƙarfi a kan rauni bioflms sabili da haka ya inganta nazari. Ari ga haka, akwai sutura da yawa waɗanda ke samar da Ag1 + ions da ba a gwada a wannan binciken. Wadannan riguna sun hada da daban-daban na azurfa daban-daban, maida hankali, da kuma matrives na tushen AG1 + ions da ingancinsu a kan biofilms. Hakanan yana da daraja a lura cewa akwai mutane da yawa daban-daban kuma a cikin samfuran Vivo sun kasance suna kimanta tasirin mura na miya a kan bioflms. Nau'in samfurin da aka yi amfani da shi, da gishiri da kayan furotin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin waɗannan ƙirar, za su yi tasiri game da tasirin miya. A cikin mu a cikin samfurin VIVO, mun yarda da biofilm da girma a cikin bitro sannan muka tura shi zuwa ga daskararren rauni. Amsar da aka ba da kariya ga kayan rigakafi yana da tasiri ga ƙwayar cuta ta partangtonic a kan rauni, don haka samar da biofilm kamar yadda raunin yake warkarwa. Additionarin Bala'i Biofilm zuwa rauni yana iyakance tasirin amsar adrefe don kafa tushen balaguron don kafa kanta a cikin rauni kafin warkarwa na iya farawa. Don haka, tsarinmu yana ba mu damar kimanta tasirin riguna na rigakafi akan balaguro na balaguro kafin raunin da zai fara warkarwa.
Mun kuma gano cewa miya fit ya rinjayi tasirin riguna na azurfa a cikin vitro-girma biofilms da fata na porcine. Ana ɗaukar lamba tare da rauni ana ɗaukar mahimmancin magungunan rigakafi don haɓakar sutura24,25. Druesings da ke da ag salts na agofile tare da balaguron biofilms na balagaggu, wanda ya haifar da raguwa a cikin adadin ƙwayoyin cuta mai sauƙi a cikin biofilm bayan sa'o'i 24. Sabanin haka, lokacin da aka bi da shi da AG1 + da ag1 + EDTA / BC. Waɗannan riguna suna da sutura a tsawon tsawon miya, wanda ke haifar da sarari da suka mutu wanda ke hana kusa da biofilm. A cikin mu nazarinmu, waɗannan sassan da ba su da ba su dace da kisan ƙwayoyin da za a iya ba da izini a cikin biofilm. Mun ƙwace cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta kawai bayan sa'o'i 24 na magani; A tsawon lokaci, kamar yadda miya ta zama mai cike da cikakken gari, akwai ƙarancin sarari, rage yankin don waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta mai iya buƙata. Koyaya, wannan yana nuna mahimmancin tsarin miya, ba irin nau'in azurfa a cikin miya ba.
Duk da yake a cikin binciken vitro yana da amfani don kwatanta tasirin ƙirar azurfa daban-daban, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci sakamakon waɗannan sutura da ke ba da gudummawa ga tasirin miya a kan biofhms. Tasirin waɗannan sutura akan rauni biofil bifilms an lura ta amfani da bincika na'urar lantarki da EPS taɓar da biofilm ta amfani da intralm da DNA DEYES. Mun gano cewa bayan kwana 3 na magani, duk sutura suna da tasiri wajen rage raunukan da ke cikin bioft-kamuwa da cutar staphylocccus AGUS-cutar raunuka. Scanning Microscopy Microscopy ya nuna cewa karancin ƙwayoyin cuta suna nan a cikin riguna na azurfa, kodayake an ƙara kirga da riguna na ag1 da AG1 Edta / BC Edta / BC Edta / BC Edta idan aka ambata da ag1 + miya. Waɗannan bayanan suna nuna cewa sutturar azurfa ta nuna suna da digiri na azurfa na tasiri kan tsarin biofilm, amma babu ɗayan kayan kwalliyar azurfa don maganin rauni na bioflm; amfani da kayan wanki na azurfa. Jiyya ya wuce ta hanyar tauhidi ta jiki don cire yawancin biofilm.
Raunin raunin galibi yana cikin yanayin mummunan kumburi, tare da wuce haddi ƙwayoyin da suka rage a cikin raunin da ake buƙata na oxygen da ake buƙata don ingantaccen kayan aikin elygen da ake buƙata don amfanin iskar oxygen da ke cikin rauni. Biofilms ya fifita wannan yanayin rauni na maƙohi ta hanyar cutar sel da ƙaura da kunnawa cytokines27. Kamar yadda miya ta azurfa zama mafi inganci, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci tasirin da suke da shi akan yanayin rauni da warkar da warkarwa.
Abin sha'awa, kodayake duk suturar azurfa da shafi biofilm abun da ke shafi biofilm, kawai oxygenated da gishiri na gishiri na azurfa na waɗannan raunuka na cutar. Wadannan bayanan suna tallafawa bincikenmu na farko17 kuma waɗanda Kalan et al. (2017) 28, wanda ya nuna kyakkyawar aminci da kuma cancantar martanin saltts na oxygenated na azurfa suna da tasiri a kan bioflms.
Nazarinmu na yanzu yana ba da ƙarin bambance-bambance a cikin fasahar azurfa tsakanin riguna na azurfa da tasirin wannan fasaha akan yanayin rauni da kuma cutar da cuta. Koyaya, waɗannan sakamakon sun bambanta da nazarin da suka gabata suna nuna cewa ag1 + Edta / BC Edta / BC Sutturar ta inganta sigogi na kunnuwa masu rauni a cikin Vivo. Koyaya, wannan na iya zama saboda bambance-bambance a cikin samfuran dabbobi, lokutan auna ne, da hanyoyin aikace-aikace29. A wannan yanayin, an dauki ma'aunin rauni kwanaki 12 bayan raunin don ba da damar sinadarai na miya don yin aiki a kan biofilm na tsawon lokaci. Wannan binciken ne ya tallafa wannan wanda ya nuna cewa cutar kare raunuka ta AG1 + Edta / BC da farko na jiyya, sannan kuma a farkon makonni daya na amfani da maganin rashin guba. kwayoyi. Morages na CMC don rage girman ulcers30.
An nuna wasu nau'ikan da kuma maida hankali na azurfa a baya a cikin cytotoxic a cikin Vitro 11, amma waɗannan a cikin sakamakon vitro ba koyaushe suna fassara zuwa illolin illa ba a vivo. Bugu da kari, ci gaba a cikin fasahar azurfa da kuma fahimtar fahimtar azurfa da maida hankali a cikin miya sun haifar da ci gaban kayan kwalliyar azurfa da tasirin azurfa. Koyaya, kamar yadda ke ci gaba da fasaha na azurfa, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci tasirin waɗannan sutura a kan raunin rauni "11,32,33. A baya an ruwaito cewa karuwar kudi re-epithlialization ya dace da karuwar anti-mai kumburi Macrophage m7 Macrophages Macrophages idan aka kwatanta da Phenotype. An lura da wannan a cikin samfurin linzamin kwamfuta na baya inda aka kwatanta da sutturar raunin azurfa da aka kwatanta da kayan maye na azurfa da hydrogrobial hydrogrobial34.
Raunin raunin na iya nuna wuce kima mai yawa kuma an lura da cewa kasancewar wuce haddi ne na rashin ƙarfi don raunin warkarwa35. A cikin karatu a cikin mice neutrophil-decleed na neutrophils jinkiri ya jinkirta sake. Kasancewar wuce haddi ne ya haifar da manyan matakan kariya da nau'in oxerogen mai yawan gaske, kamar superexide perexide, wanda ke da alaƙa da raunuka da saurin warkarwa 37,38. Hakanan, karuwa a lambobi macrophage, idan ba a kula ba, na iya haifar da jinkirin warkar da rauni,. Wannan karuwa yana da mahimmanci musamman idan Macrophages ba su iya canzawa daga wani pro-mai kumburi phenotype zuwa wani pro-warkewa ya gaza fita daga matattarar kumburi na warkarwa na warkarwa. Mun lura da ragewar neuthophils da Macrophages a cikin raunin Bihoverm-kamuwa da shi tare da sutturar azurfa, amma raguwar an yi magana da suturar oxygenated. Wannan ragewa na iya zama sakamakon amsar rigakafi ga azurfa, martani don rage biburden, ko rauni a cikin wani mataki na warkarwa. Rage yawan sel mai kumburi a cikin rauni na iya kula da yanayi mai dacewa don warkarwa rauni. Hanyar aiwatar da aikin headsalts ta tabbatar da waraka-warke mai 'yanci, amma matsakanci na kumburi, kuma yana iya bayyana wannan kuma yana buƙatar ƙarin nazari17.
Raunin da ba cuta ba cuta ta cutar da cuta ta haifar da matsala ga dukkan likitoci da marasa lafiya. Kodayake da yawa suttuna suna da'awar antimicrobial tasiri na antimicrobial, ba da wuya bincike ya mai da hankali kan wasu manyan abubuwan da suka shafi raunin microenjiron. Wannan binciken ya nuna cewa fasahar azurfa daban-daban suna da ingantaccen ingancin antimicrobi daban-daban kuma, mahimmanci, tasiri daban-daban akan yanayin rauni da waraka, mai zaman kansa da kamuwa da cuta. Kodayake waɗannan a cikin Vitro kuma a cikin binciken VIVO sun nuna tasiri ga abubuwan da ke tattare da cututtukan daji da kuma inganta fitina ta sarrafawa don kimanta tasirin waɗannan sutura a asibitin.
Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da bayanan da aka yi amfani da su a lokacin binciken na yanzu suna samuwa daga marubucin da ya dace akan buƙatun da ya dace.
Lokaci: Jul-15-2024